Horn-faces and prep

We restarted work today on a dinosaur project that I'm actually pretty excited about. With the new discoveries from Utah, it looks more and more like the ceratopsian dinos of the Campanian are very specific to geographical area, in addition to stratigraphic level. For us working in the Judith River that means that you can maybe find Avaceratops and Monoclonius, according to the now seemingly dated conventional wisdom. Except that a new specimen of Ceratops montanus was recently discovered near our dig areas. And we've found things that look a heck of a lot like Anchiceratops. And Styracosaurus. And bits of a big honkin thing that looks a bit like the newly described Kosmoceratops. Oops. What a mess.

Dig site at the end of excavatoion

Typical jacket showing typical not falling down hill bone

The critter we're working on now is a centrosaurine nicknamed "UTC". It was discovered in 2004, and has sat on our shelves for much of the in-between time. It's time to knock out the prep. Unfortunately the specimen was discovered coming out skull first, with those parts slumping slowly downhill. It's going to be an interesting challenge getting it back together.

oooh epoccipitals!

The parts that we have are pretty interesting though, and as prep continues we may be able to get a good idea of what critter we have. Heck, based on the explosion of ceratiopsian discoveries in the past few years (and how most researchers avoid the Judith River Formation like the plague), there's even the possibility that this animal is a new species. We'll keep you updated on the progress as more bones get prepared.

Jonesing for mosasaurs

It's starting to feel a lot like springtime, which for us usually means trips to western Kansas to our Niobrara chalk localities. We haven't made it out yet (still waiting on that first downpour to wash the winter fluff off of the rocks... it may be a while with this drought) so instead I'll write a bit about a mosasaur that is near and dear to me.

Starting the hole

RMDRC 06-009 "Cap'n Chuck" was the first mosasaur I ever found. It's a specimen of Platecarpus "ictericus" (sorry Takuya, haven't made the species switch yet) from the upper chalk of Logan County, about 83 million years old. I spotted a single dorsal vertebra sticking out of a vertical gully wall, about 12 feet above the gully bottom. Don't ask what I was doing looking up there. My boss, Mike, loaded Jacob and I into the bucket of the bobcat and lifted us up to see if there was anything else there besides the single vertebra. Yep! we discovered the back of the skull, but since it was late October and in the low 50s (with drizzle coming in and lots of wind) we decided to secure the site till the next spring.

Jack-hammerin

In April of 2007 we returned, with a fancy new mini jackhammer that Mike had bought over the winter. Holy moly that thing saved us a lot of time.

We made this big of a hole in 3 days

Do you see the skull?

It turns out field mapping in the chalk is kind of a tough thing to do. The chalk gets all over everything and generally makes life miserable. It's best to save it for the lab. The skeleton was preserved very well, missing the end of the tail. Quick measurements of elements give us a total length of about 23 feet, which is pretty dang big for a Platecarpus.

Main jacket flipped and prepared. Things are much easier to see.

Once show-prepped in the lab it was decided that Cap'n Chuck was complete enough to restore in 3d (most exploded skulls are good candidates, there's less crushing distortion). That meant pulling every individual bone out of the jacket and cleaning it completely. This enabled us to get a good look at some rare parts like the interclavicle and ear cartilages. Hopefully we'll be able to start restoration sooner or later!

Laid back

Small projects

Yep we all have them. In addition to the decades of prep backlog of big, complete and interesting specimens there is always that nagging pile of individual bones and small specimens that gets collected then sits as priority number 12 on the shelf. Sometimes it's a good organizational effort (and therapy) to get these things knocked off the to-do list. Plus it frees up a bit of space for the next season's collecting efforts (which should begin any week now, hopefully.

You ever get the feeling you're being watched?

This past summer during beer week in Montana I found a small shard of tyrannosaur tooth sticking out of a lag deposit. I suggested to one of our guests, Terri, that she could spend some time excavating it. Turns out she discovered that the tooth was still connected to a chunk of jaw. Unfortunately digging it out was a bit of a chore since the sandstone got really hard really quickly. It did clean up nicely though, and will be going on display sometime today.

Tyrannosaur maxilla and tooth

Some progress is being made on Pete III, our challenging Daspletosaurus torosus, also from Montana. This huge 70 pound monstrosity of a jacket contained just one spindly rib. That and lots of sandstone. Whatever, it's off the shelf now and nearly in the clean room.

There's the rib!

We're not all about preparing partial dinosaur bones though. This Pteranodon sternbergi metacarpal was pulled from the lower chalk in western Kansas a few years back. Should have been prepared years ago.

Isolated bones are so pretty

More Lambeosaur Fun

This week we've had a chance to begin work on the skull material recovered from RMRDRC 07-020 "Joyce", from the upper Judith River Formation of Fergus County, Montana. The material is typical for the Judith river... SOFT. We've begun utilizing the technique that I wrote about for the first FPCS at Petrified Forest National Park, in stabilizing he matrix and bone with low-strength adhesive (PB 4417) before air abrading the material. The results are great! I'd like to share a few pics of the first jacket we have prepared, and if anyone wants to take a well educated stab at the identity of the lambeosaurine, have at it!

Present is the right dentary in lingual view, as well as a quadrate and partial quadratojugal. 31 rows of teeth are present in this dental battery.

Freaking huge lambeosaurs of the Judith River Formation

It's always an exciting time when we come to the end of a project. Mostly because it's one of those rare times where we're finished with something. This week we're finishing the right leg from an exceptionally big lambeosaur (crested duckbill dinosaur) that was discovered this past summer in the Judith River Formation by Dr. Kraig Derstler. We were very excited at the time about the find since big articulated dinosaur legs usually lead to big articulated more complete dinosaurs. Usually.

Digging revealed that it was highly likely that the entire skeleton was present at one time in the late Cretaceous, however everything but this right leg (animal was probably laying on its right side) was eroded away during the Campanian. Oh well, it stings a little less when you know you're 78 million years too late.

We had help from some great ranchers and their newfangled power ATV things getting the specimen out of the bottom of the uncharacteristically wet gully. Without them, the leg would still probably be there riding out the winter. Above are ranchers Matt Wickens and Kerry Simac, with "field chef" Peter checking his gear. Below Jacob is pointing to the specimen, while rancher and dino finder extrordanaire Larry Tuss rests. I'm just sorta holding up the "outfit" as they call vehicles in Montana.

A few months later this is the result. A reasonably complete prepared leg. Missing the fibula, astragulus and calcaneum due to erosion, and the ungual on digit IV. The monster is 11 feet long (3.36 meters). Biiiig.

Termonaris: Now with skull... sorta

Assembly of the body of the first cast is done! Just detailing and the skull to go. Today we decided to see what it looks like with the skull on the body. Let's just say we were a bit surprised with the size of the animal that resulted. Here April and Todd do the honors!

Terminonaris is coming together!

A quick update from the last post. Progress on the Terminonaris is being made on the two prototype articulated mounts. All molding except the skull is finished and all parts are poured. The first mount even has an arm! That should get people excites, since we all know people love pointy bits. Just legs, coracoids and a skull to go. Please excuse the clutter in the shop!